Congestive Cardiac Failure
Definition Congestive cardiac failure (CCF) actually means right-sided heart failure. There is inability of the right ventricle to propel blood resulting in backflow of blood to systemic veins causing engorged…
Causes of Biventricular Failure
Causes of Biventricular Heart Failure • Cardiomyopathy (dilated cardiomyopathy). • Myocarditis. • Ischaemic heart disease (such as extensive myocardial infarction). • Right-sided heart failure secondary to left-sided heart failure (e.g.…